It seems that the Ground-Up Building project is the ultimatum of change that President Kais Saied wants. Although he did not mention it as a president so far, as a candidate, he referred to it briefly, and he did not receive a reaction from the political and intellectual sphere at the time, mainly because of the state of separation that this sphere is going through with regard to its surroundings, which led to ignoring the possibility of a similar project finding its way towards implementation. Perhaps this is the reason behind the support many expressed towards Kais Saied, believing that he is unable to change the rules of the political game, which until recently were in the hands of certain parties, converging and diverging according to their positions and interests.

With the emergence of a political solution in Libya, the security concerns that have weighed on Tunisian political decision-makers over the past decade are receding. The new policy aims to strengthen economic and developmental bilateral cooperation. This ambitious political solution, however, faces many obstacles such as fierce competition between regional and international actors and the absence of a clear vision for Tunisia’s economic role in Libya’s state institutions.

This policy brief will examine the provisions of the draft law on the “repression of attacks against armed forces”, discuss its pertinence, and underline its limitations. It will demonstrate that whilst legislative reform processes are important, a parallel institutional and structural reform must be undertaken to ensure striking the right balance between protecting the armed forces and the full respect of human rights.

This policy brief argues that the DCFTA will not provide significant economic improvements, and certainly not an economic miracle, because its irreversible political and social consequences will prevent development in Tunisia.

Seeds are one of the first means of production that were forcibly taken from farmers during the liberalization of the agricultural sector. This expropriation did not occur directly, but was introduced under the guise of modernizing agricultural activity.

Although other factors may explain the flight of capital, such as the low climate of confidence, political and social instability, and rising inflation, this policy brief identifies two main sources of liquidity drain, namely the worsening of the current account deficit and the burden of tax regulations.